Ethics And Ethics Of The Patriot Act - 1053 Words

LP 8 Assignment: Patriot Act Kevin M. Cox Professionalism and Ethics in Criminal Justice August 22, 2014 The Patriot Act was introduced as a response to the terrorist attacks in the US on September 11th. It has radically changed the way in which the government operates in the investigations of people in and out of our country. It has broadened the powers of the federal government in the way in which they can obtain information on people. In this paper I will be discussing the ethical and moral issues of the expanded ability of wiretapping, search and seizure, the establishment of the FISA court, and end with the transparency of these practices. Our country has always had laws to protect our citizens against the ability of the government to go on witch hunting expeditions to find any little speck that might indicate someone is engaged in criminal behavior. It has been well established that search and seizure of someone’s property that reasonable cause must be established and law enforcement must have a warrant issued by a judge. This criterion has been greatly reduced with the ena ctment of the Patriot Act. Federal Agents may conduct surveillance and searches against US citizens without â€Å"probable cause† to suspect criminal activity. The targeted person is not notified and cannot challenge the action (Montaldo). This is a deviation from the way in which law enforcement has been allowed to operate in the past. The ethical issue involved in not having to showShow MoreRelated Ethics of the USA PATRIOT Act Essay example2844 Words   |  12 PagesEthics of the USA PATRIOT Act Another week, another series of patches to download from Microsoft. It seems like every week, Microsoft is under siege from one virus or another. The complexity in the billions of lines of code embedded in its products make it impossible to be error-free. If it is this easy for hot-headed M$ haters to breach the world’s largest software maker, one has to ask: how hard would it be to expose vulnerabilities in the most sophisticated and technologically dependentRead MorePersonnel Management Matrix1315 Words   |  6 Pagesof attention on the need for constructive changes in law enforcement intelligence (Peterson, 2005). Ethical debate between individual rights and national security There have been many ethical issues being debated since October, 2001 on the USA PATRIOT Act (PLAW 107-56, 2001) that claimed encroachment of American civil liberties and Constitutional rights. Some Americans oppose the new law because he or she believes it gives the Federal Government and agencies too much freedom to conduct surveillanceRead MoreEthics And Morality : A Noble Cause Corruption1196 Words   |  5 PagesEthics and morality are broad topics of everyday life. Instinctively, we as humans know the difference between right and wrong but in some cases, our ethics will narrow. Actions and decisions become selfish and for the sole purpose of personal gain. In some cases, unethical ways may even be illegal. Noble cause corruption is a prime example of when a person will utilize unethical means for a result to benefit the greater good. Noble cause corruption differs with traditional corruption. TraditionalRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Ethics1200 Words   |  5 Pagescorporate en vironment there are ethical company standards which all associates must follow but businesses and their representatives are not moral agents. These are two (2) of the ethics business representative follows or implement in their companies: Deontology ethics which concerned with duties and rights. Rule Utilitarian ethic which focus on the beneficial consequences of breaking the law. An associate may want to conduct business ethically and for the most part they do but to close a business dealRead MoreComputer Ethics Term Paper : Security Vs. Privacy1518 Words   |  7 PagesJames Santana Computer Ethics Term Paper Security vs. Privacy Following the terrorist attacks on September of 2001, President George W. Bush signed into law The USA PATRIOT Act. Intended to enhance law enforcement investigatory tools, The Patriot Act made changes to surveillance laws that enabled the U.S government to collect computer information about both American and foreign citizens in unprecedented ways. During the following years, through a series of legislative changes and court decisionsRead MoreMass Surveillance Ethics : Richard E. Morris1251 Words   |  6 Pages Mass Surveillance Ethics Richard E. Morris Excelsior College Surveillance is, in the simplest terms, monitoring or observing an individual or group. Derived from a French term meaning looking upon, it includes not only visual observation but also behavior analysis. Prominent examples of surveillance include cameras, wiretaps, GPS tracking, and packet sniffing. Observation is often seen as an expression of control. Just as being stared at for an extended period can make you uneasy and even hostileRead MorePrinciples of Information Security Chapter 3 Review1291 Words   |  6 PagesChapter 3 Review 1. What is the difference between law and ethics? The difference between law and ethics is that law is a set of rules and regulations that are universal and should be accepted and followed by society and organizations. Ethics on the other hand was derived from the latin word mores and Greek word Ethos means the beliefs and customs that help shape the character of individuals and how people interact with one another 2. What is civil law, and what does it accomplish? ARead MoreGrand Canyon Jus 505 All Week Discussions - Latest 2015748 Words   |  3 Pagesthat a defendant be tried by an impartial jury of his peers. What exactly does the term impartial mean? Are you in favor of or against having a cross-sectional representative jury pool? Why? Support your position. week 3 Discuss the legal ethics involved in the implementations of three-strikes laws, which give offenders a life sentence upon conviction of a third felony. Specifically, discuss the case of Leandro Andrade, who was given 50 years with no possibility of parole for shopliftingRead MorePrivacy, The State Of Being Away From Public Attention1614 Words   |  7 Pagesprivacy of a person. One of these laws put in place is the Privacy Act of 1975, which establishes â€Å"a code of fair information practices.† This act regulates the collection, maintenance, use, and dissemination of a person’s information by federal executive branch agencies. (Scott). There are even laws that protect particular private information, one of the most well-known is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 also known as HIPAA. HIPAAs privacy rules â€Å"protects all individuallyRead MoreThe Increase of State Surveillance in the United States and United Kingdom511 Words   |  3 Pagespaper will examine what the terms ethics, ethical issue and state surveillance refer to. Next, an exploration into the ethics of governmental monitoring from the perspective of a variety of ethical systems such as: ethical formalism, act utilitarian, rule utilitarian and subjective relativism model. From this examination of state surveillance through ethical systems, a conclusion of whether it is ethical or unethical will be apparent. What do ethics refer to? Ethics is a system of moral principles

Internet Theft Of Online Auction Fraud Essay - 865 Words

With the amount of fraudsters using auction fraud to scam individuals out of their money, it is essential to know to handle the situation after becoming a victim. The victims of online auction fraud often report numerous issues that include â€Å"buyers receiving goods late, or not at all, sellers not receiving payment, and failure to disclose relevant information about a product or the terms of sale† (Auction Fraud, 2010). If anyone becomes a victim of online auction fraud, the actions taken next are very important. First, â€Å"if the seller has misrepresented the goods you’ve bought, report the fraud to Action Fraud. Second, keep all evidence of the offence, and lastly, contact the website involved or even alert Consumer Direct by phone that is listed on their website† (Action Fraud, 2010). Multiple ways to protect yourself from becoming an online auction fraud victim is to read all of the websites information before performing any purchasing transactions involving money. It is very questionable to trust buying things from individuals will very little selling history and reviews and at times can be seen as a red flag to buy from another dealer (Auction Fraud, 2010). Most selling and buying websites will provide reviews for other individuals to read. eBay is a great example of one of these sites as well as Amazon. After finding an item that is interesting enough to buy, the next step is to read the over sellers information. If the transactions reported with this seller is reportedShow MoreRelatedQuestions On E Commerce Fraud1221 Words   |  5 PagesE-commerce fraud refers to any type of scheme that uses websites, emails, or any Internet related function in order to present fraudulent solicitations, steal personal information, conduct fraudulent transactions, or transmi t money from bank to bank or to other cyber criminals. Fraud is not exclusive to credit or debit cards and criminals have become more sophisticated in their usage of malware in order to take over online banking logins via consumers’ phones, tablets and computers. The stolen bankingRead MoreThe Globalization of White Collar Crimes: An Inside Look of How Fraud, Embezzlement, Cybercrime, Identity Theft and Forgery Are Increasing World-Wide794 Words   |  4 PagesInside Look of How Fraud, Embezzlement, Cybercrime, Identity Theft and Forgery Are Increasing World-Wide In this paper I will examine some of the aspects of white collar crimes such as: fraud, embezzlement, cybercrimes, identity theft and forgery. I will explain what each of these are pertaining to criminal justice and how they relate to one another. And I will conclude by how each of these topics are growing into global problems. According to Criminal-Law-Lawyer-Source.com â€Å"Fraud is the act of deliberatelyRead MoreInternet Fraud: an Overview of Classifications, Government Actions, and Consumer Protection3671 Words   |  15 PagesInternet Fraud: An Overview of Classifications, Government Actions, and Consumer Protection December 14, 2006 Internet Fraud: An Overview of Classifications, Governmental Actions, and Consumer Protection Internet fraud is an increasing threat to our technological society, which thrives on the advances and benefits of the Internet and e-commerce. With the increased growth and dependence of the Internet, creative individuals have found ways of conveying fraudulent schemes as legitimate goodsRead MoreThe Dangers of CyberCrime Essay examples1905 Words   |  8 PagesTo what extent should the government be protecting the public from the dangers of the Internet? The Internet has revolutionized the way people live their lives around the globe. Aside from making much of the world’s information available to the average person, it has become a large force in the world economy. The number of global Internet users is growing by large amounts every day and criminals have taken notice. Because of this growth, computer-based crimes are increasing at a substantial rateRead MoreEbay Case Analysis1323 Words   |  6 PageseBay: Dominance in the On-line Industry eBay is The World’s Online Marketplace ®. Founded in 1995, eBay created a powerful platform for the sale of goods and services by a passionate community of individuals and businesses. On any given day, there are millions of items across thousands of categories for sale on eBay and its subsidiaries, half.com and shopping.com, to name a few (â€Å"eBay Inc Outlines Global Business Strategy†, 2000.) Retrieved October 31, 2008 from http://investor.ebay.com). eBayRead MoreEbay Is The Leading Global Brand For Online Auctions1182 Words   |  5 Pagesleading global brand for online auctions. The company is a giant marketplace used by more than 100 million people to buy and sell all manner of things to each other. The brand has grown tremendously over the decade or so since its conception. World’s largest internet marketplace. eBay has more than 150 million live listings and more than 105 million active users globally in 37 countries. That makes eBay the largest marketplace online, having a great power over other online retailers. Business modelRead MoreThe Swot Analysis Of Ebay Inc1484 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: EBay Inc is a worldwide online retailer and auction industry that operate a web-based marketplace for all individuals to buy or sell anything online. In order to understand the business environment of eBay, we will first need to understand eBay’s internal and external environment. In order to do so, we have to analyze the SWOT analysis of eBay. EBay consists of many strengths that have made it one of the top online marketplace. In contrast, eBay also have many weaknesses that they areRead MoreThe Swot Analysis Of Ebay Inc1485 Words   |  6 PagesEBay Inc is a worldwide online retailer and auction industry that operate a web-based marketplace for all individuals to buy or sell anything online. In order to understand the business environment of eBay, we will first need to understand eBay’s internal and external environment. In order to do so, we have to analyze the SWOT analysis of eBay. EBay consists of many strengths that have made it one of the top online marketplace . In contrast, eBay also has many weaknesses that they are unable to overcomeRead MoreInternet Scam1309 Words   |  6 PagesTopic : Internet Scam Thesis Statement : Why many students victimized in Internet Scam? The aim of this chapter Chapter 1 : I.Introduction The aim of this chapter is to give an overview of Internet fraud in general. The Internet fraud definition, types and examples will be discussed. The chapter identifies some web applications that are suffering from Internet fraud as well as some statistics for Internet fraud impact. It also presents some existing techniques and strategies to detect and preventRead MoreOnline Counterfeit Crime: An Analysis of Treadwells Article on Criminology and Criminal Justice936 Words   |  4 Pagesboot to booting it up? eBay, online counterfeit crime and the transformation of the criminal marketplace Criminology Criminal Justice 12(2): 175-191. Although the online marketplace has offered many exciting opportunities to consumers to sample new products they would not otherwise have access to, it has also offered new opportunities for dealers in counterfeit goods to unload their wares on unsuspecting customers. According to Treadwell (2011), the online auction site eBay is a popular place

What High School Is Free Essays

â€Å"What High School Is,† is a chapter from a book called Horace’s Compromise: The Dilemma of American High School, and was written by Theodore R. Sizer in 1984. Mr. We will write a custom essay sample on What High School Is? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sizer starts the chapter out with a story of a typical boy named mark who is in the eleventh grade. In this story the author describes in detail how Mark spends one of his time blocked days in high school. Mr. Sizer feels it is important to analyze how Mark spends his time because he feels it is a reflection, with some degree of variation, of how most high school students spend their time in school. Mr. Sizer argues, â€Å"taking subjects† in a systematized, conveyer-belt way is what is what one does in high school (Sizer). He feels that this process is not related to the rhetorical goals of education; however, it is tolerated by most Americans. In addition, Mr. Sizer argues that there is little demand for synthesis of subjects and that courses are too broad and there is just not enough time to cover all the material. â€Å"The school schedule is a series of units of time: the clock is king†¦ ow much time do I have with my kids, is the teacher’s key question† (Sizer pg. 40). School periods are about fifty minute each and students and teacher have a few minutes to go from class to class. Mr. Sizer argues that going from class to class gives the school day a kind of restless and hectic quality and provides the students with many distractions. Mr. Seizer point is strong, restlessness and distractions seem to go hand and hand here, once the children enter t he class they must be resettled and their attention refocused leaving even less time for learning. In addition, most schools have at least one class that is called a â€Å"split class†. During â€Å"split classes† the student starts their class period, then, half way through it is interrupted so they can go to lunch or attend another activity. After they have finished lunch or the other activity they then return for the second half of their class, talk about hectic, restless, and distracting. However, Mr. Sizer does not address the some of the strengths of taking subjects, for example, the importance of responsibility, punctuality, and time management kills acquired through this type of scheduling. Another point that Mr. Sizer argues is that there is little demand for synthesis of subjects; they are just loosely related. He feels that two or more subjects should be tapped in order to solve a complex problem as learning opportunity. In addition, Mr. Sizer argues that schools feel that covering all the material within the subject is key, however, the material is only à ¢â‚¬Å"supposedly covered† because many of these courses are too broad and there is just not enough time. This point is strong, which leaves little room for change or new creative ways to learn. Mr. Sizer points out that the opposition will always challenge and usually win against new creative ideas on learning with statements such as, â€Å"what may be thus forgone†, â€Å"we won’t be able to get to programming or Death of a Salesman†, and â€Å"there isn’t time† (Sizer). This kind of scheduling is too rigid and too broad, thus, making it almost impossible for any type of change. In conclusion, Mr. Sizer does not look too fondly on our countries education system, he argues, taking subjects† in a systematized, conveyer-belt way is what is what one does in high school. He feels that this process is not related to the rhetorical goals of education; however, it is tolerated by most Americans. Lastly, Mr. Sizer argues that there is little demand for synthesis of subjects and that courses are too broad and that this type of scheduling too rigid. How to cite What High School Is?, Papers

Beowulf Part 1 Essay Example For Students

Beowulf Part 1 Essay BeowulfPart IThe Anglo-Saxons were the members of the Germanic peoples who invaded England. They were people of their own time, language and culture. In the Anglo-Saxon adventure filled tale of Beowulf, the heron Beowulf was, at the time, considered the modern day superman. His character exemplifies the Germanic hero, and consequently the Anglo-Saxon ideal: strong, fearless, bold, loyal, and stoic in his acceptance of fate. With the absence of courtesy, his important role in society and his ideals of chivalry, Beowulf was the definition of a hero in his own time. This novel develops the theme that with honor towards chivalry and faith in yourself, anything can be accomplished. To be a hero in the Anglo-Saxon period, you proved yourself by doing good deeds, showing honor and exemplifying bravery. But with all of his amazing characteristics, Beowulf had a hard time proving his courtesy. A Knight, a hero in the near future, was not one to be as outspoken of his capabilities as Beowulf, even though they did both have the same roles in society and honor towards chivalry. Two qualities that did make Beowulf look a lot more heroic, unlike his absence of courtesy. Beowulfs role in society was almost identical to that of a Knight. Only, unlike the Knight, Beowulf made the choice to have this role in society. He was considered the strongest warrior around. He could fight anything, and would easily fight for his King and country. Beowulf knew of his power and strengths and probably considered this to be his role in society, to serve and to protect his country and those in need. This honor gives a good example of Beowulfs heroism. With any quality of Beowulf, chivalry was probably his most recognizable. If anything, Beowulf had the up most respect for his King. He loved him and honored him with all of his heart. If asked to do anything by the King, Beowulf would accept with pride. Even if Beowulf did not have courtesy, his role in society and honor towards chivalry expressed his beliefs and proved his heroism. The theme, with honor towards chivalry and faith in yourself, anything can be accomplished, is developed in this novel. The Anglo-Saxon ideals of being strong, fearless, bold and loyal were exactly the qualities that Beowulf carried with him. The ideals of heroism vary differently from generation to generation. But with courtesy, roles in society, and chivalry, you are bound to have similarities with other heroes. With Beowulf, his honor and pride made him a hero of his own time. English Essays

Single Sex Schools free essay sample

Pro-Con Essays On Single-Sex Schools The advantages and disadvantages of single-sex schools are still debated in the field of education. As the name implies, single-sex schools or single-sex education separate male and female students so that they learn in either all male or all female classrooms and environments. This was a common practice in the past but fell out of favor with charges of unequal access to quality education and opportunities for female students. The advantages and disadvantages of single-sex schools are the focus of pro-con essays on single-sex schools.Are single-sex schools better than coed schools? Who benefits and who loses from single-sex education? Can separate but equal be attained in single-sex education? These are just some of the questions addressed in pro-con essays on single-sex schools. Also, keep in mind that pro-con essays on single-sex schools are similar to distance learning essays, school inclusion essays and essays on the pros and cons of homeschooling as all are concerned with how we deliver quality education to children. We will write a custom essay sample on Single Sex Schools or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some of the advantages of single-sex schools to discuss in pro-con essays on single-sex schools include the following: 1) in single sex schools boys tend to become less competitive and become more collaborative thereby learning the value of cooperation; 2) conversely, girls learn how to become more competitive and feel less threatened by the competition from boys; 3) single-sex schools allow male students to feel more comfortable with subjects that are considered more ‘feminine’ such as language, music and the arts and girls are allowed to feel more comfortable learning subjects that are considered more ‘masculine’ such as math, science, and engineering; and 4) single-sex schools eliminate some of the social pressure of dating and interacting with the opposite sex that is so significant in coed schools. Pro-con essays on single-sex schools should elaborate upon and explain these advantages. The disadvantages of single-sex education should also be detailed in pro-con essays on single-sex schools.These disadvantages include evidence that students who have attended single-sex schools have trouble adjusting to the coed environment of higher education and that the lack of diversity in single-sex schools is limiting and does not prepare students for the real world. Also, many find the notion of single-sex schools incongruous with the notion of equal opportunity. These potential disadvantages need to be listed in pro-con essays on single-sex schools also. A comparison of the personal development and academic achievements of students in single-sex schools with those in coed schools can also be helpful to provide in pro-con essays on single-sex schools. Single Sex Schools free essay sample Whether high school or college, single-gender schools are generally considered the cream of the crop. Parents believe that if they take their children to all-boys or all-girls schools they will receive a better education that is more targeted toward their childs gender, without the distractions of the opposite sex. There are others on the other hand who believe that students in these types of schools do not necessarily benefit from single-gender education. However within the last ten years, the number of single sex schools has increased rapidly because educators are constantly searching for ways to better educate children. Due to the social problems among teenagers that have a different mind-set than their parents that start dating at the young age, some parents may prefer to send their children to single-sex schools. There are many advantages and disadvantages of single-sex schools that show single-sex schools should be or not to be promoted in Malaysia. We will write a custom essay sample on Single Sex Schools or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Study in single-sex schools makes the students concentrate on what is more important at this age: education. Some educationalist believe that teenagers who study in single-sex schools help to avoid the attractions of opposite sex. The students study in mixed-sex schools, they might be interact with each other, and have relationship with their schoolmates. If they are not carefully, they may get themselves into unplanned pregnancies troubles and problems. Single-sex schools provides a chance to overcome the fear of stereotypes. Girls can study easier in physics, technology, math, and computers subject in the environment because they dont have to compete with the boys, while boys also can participate in some non-macho activities, like poetry, dramatics, art history, and music without having worry on their image. This breaking of stereotypes helps to increase the confidence of students studying in single gender educational institutions. Laird Harrison’s article, â€Å"A Classroom in which you can speak your mind,† shows an overview of how single-sex education could stimulate boys and girls to focus their attention on study. (Maria F. Alvarez, Ms. Al Askari, ESL 13, Composition III; 2nd October 2006. ) Harrison states that girls and boys learn differently and how girls may learn better without the presence of boys because they can speak out and ask questions, feeling then more confident. However, It has not been proved that girls in single-gender schools get better grades than in traditional schools, says Eliot Jones in the August 2009 issue of the International Debate Education Association. Study in single-sex schools may bring along with several social issues, such as interactions between both genders, lack of diversity, and so on. Males and females regularly interact both socially as well as professionally in their daily lives. When students attend single-sex schools, they unable successfully interact with members of the opposite sex, and may encourage an inability to understand each other, thereby increasing negative future interactions. Students may set up for failure in future social situations that the lack of diversity a single-sec school create. For example, effective social cues and relationship building skills come through first-hand experience. As a result, they may face difficulty in their social life when they adjusting to co-ed environments because they do not have the right skills in dealing with people. The lack of opportunities for normal social progression also need to be concern. In conclusion, having teenagers study in single-sec schools may brings more disadvantages for their education and also their future social situations. In my opinion, as I came from mixed-sex schools, I truly believe that mixed-sex school is a better choice for the students. I disagree to promote single-sex schools in Malaysia due to the disadvantages that given. Single Sex Schools free essay sample Questions 1. Do single-sex schools better educate children? (Neutral) 2. Do boys and girls distract each other from their studies? (Neutral) 3. Would single-sex schools be consistent with today’s society of equality between men and women? (Neutral) Issue Summary I oppose single sex school especially since women have fought hard to serve alongside men in combat and completive jobs that only men served in at one time. It sounds like regressing to me. A 2004 statement from the American Association of University Women says, â€Å"Single-sex classrooms distract from real problems in schools and would throw out the most basic legal standards prohibiting sex discrimination in education. † One study evaluated cognitive tests attempted by boys and girls from single sex and mixed sex education system . It was found that boys in single-sex schools did not have higher test scores than boys in coeducational schools and that girls experienced no statistically significant positive effects of single-sex school enrollment (LePore and Warren , 1997) It really serves no purpose and there is no data that shows that by separating boy and girls while educating them will make them better citizens. We will write a custom essay sample on Single Sex Schools or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If it is about the achievement gaps, there are other ways to close gaps that are proven, such as, smaller class sizes and extra training for teachers. â€Å"People are looking for a single silver bullet, but there’s no quick fix. † Our students have much to contribute to each other, and students of all ages benefit from being engaged in activities and learning in the company of the opposite sex. In the classroom, learning experiences need to resemble real-world life experiences. How can we prepare students for future families, homes, and workplaces without exposing them to members of the opposite sex? How can we expect them to learn to respect and appreciate gender differences as adults if we do not teach them to form healthy relationships and have positive interactions and appropriate dialogues now? As educators, our efforts should not be driven by how we can separate students to minimize distractions but by how we can bring all students together to maximize learning.

Free Essays on Mass Media Implications

like â€Å"sharing,† â€Å"participation, and â€Å"association† (Carey, 1992). In contrast to the transmission view of communication, which emphasizes the movement of messages through space, the ritual view of communication emphasizes the maintenance of an ordered, meaningful cultural world based in time. The separation between these two views is more easily understood when concentrating on a specific comparison, such as â€Å"Today† and the â€Å"NBC Nightly News.† The September 26th episode of â€Å"Today† was completely based on the tragic terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11th. The program included segments such as current updates on the events occurring in Afghanistan, relief efforts thus far, toys for kids in trying times, the impact... Free Essays on Mass Media Implications Free Essays on Mass Media Implications Ideological Implications of the Mass Media News programs like the â€Å"Today† show and the â€Å"NBC Nightly News† are sources of mass communication for the American population. Mass communication does not allow for heterogeneous, isolated individuals. Through the media, people are united with general ideas and perceptions. Thousands of people turn on their televisions every morning and every evening to catch up on current issues and debates. However, how representative are these productions? Do they fully reflect the actual, historical time? The production of these television shows is an act in which the audience is not given unaltered information; rather, they are presented with a portrayal of American ideologies and assumptions. Individuals do not gain pure information from the news. Instead, they gain an understanding for a particular view of worldly events. News is not complete; however, it is not artificial either. By representing the underlying order of things, media is a conglomeration of the drama of this social world. This sacred act that is commonly associated with news media is a ritual view of communication. Carey compares the ritual view of communication to words like â€Å"sharing,† â€Å"participation, and â€Å"association† (Carey, 1992). In contrast to the transmission view of communication, which emphasizes the movement of messages through space, the ritual view of communication emphasizes the maintenance of an ordered, meaningful cultural world based in time. The separation between these two views is more easily understood when concentrating on a specific comparison, such as â€Å"Today† and the â€Å"NBC Nightly News.† The September 26th episode of â€Å"Today† was completely based on the tragic terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11th. The program included segments such as current updates on the events occurring in Afghanistan, relief efforts thus far, toys for kids in trying times, the impact...

The Effect of Clinical Simulation on Student Self-Efficacy in learning Dissertation - 1

The Effect of Clinical Simulation on Student Self-Efficacy in learning - Dissertation Example Cases like these point to the value of clinical simulation in nursing education to help empower such students in being able to handle challenging tasks and situations in their own practice. Clinical simulation is defined by Waxman (2010) as a teaching methodology that provides students with learning experiences closely resembling real-life circumstances that they are likely to encounter in their professional practice. â€Å"Simulated clinical experience requires immersing students in a representative patient-care scenario, a setting that mimics the actual environment with sufficient realism to allow learners to suspend disbelief† (p.29). Specific to nursing education is the utilization of a lifelike high-fidelity manikin which provides a high level of interactivity and realism to nursing students during their simulation proceedings (Jeffries, 2007). The integration of simulation in the nursing education curricula is welcomed by nurse educators as a new and effective method tha t promises to prepare the students better for a future in the nursing profession as competent and confident health workers. Setting up a clinical simulation situation takes much time, planning and effort that draws its information from theories and professional experiences (Waxman, 2010). The complexity of clinical simulation raises the question if it does improve a student’s self-efficacy to be a more efficient professional or leave the student overwhelmed with the probable challenges he or she will face in practice. Self-efficacy is one indicator of an individual’s perception of how well prepared he or she is in being able to successfully accomplish tasks (Bandura, 1977, 1986). Further, Bandura (2004) explains that: â€Å"Efficacy beliefs influence goals and aspirations. The stronger the perceived self-efficacy, the higher the goals people set for themselves and the firmer their commitment to them. Self-efficacy beliefs also determine how obstacles and impediments a re viewed. Those of high efficacy view impediments as surmountable by improvement of self-management skills and perseverant effort† (p. 145). Topic This study will explore clinical simulation as a new method of learning in nursing education. It will discuss the corresponding cognitive and affective processes that the student undergoes during the simulation and follow through if it is indeed an effective strategy in the improvement of student efficacy. The research problem The research problem posed for this study is â€Å"How does clinical simulation affect a student’s self-efficacy in learning in Nursing education?† Background and justification. The current demands of health care necessitate more aggressive training of health care professionals in order to address the growing needs of an industry that is besieged with a multitude of illnesses. More and more diseases come up with symptoms that may be unusual. These may pose a huge challenge to new nurses who have been trained in the traditional approaches of lectures, discussions, role-play and laboratory practice, as these may no longer be effective (Waxman, 2010). A nurse needs to be thoroughly trained in various areas and has amassed enough experiences to be able to carefully discern his or her next moves. Such moves may be crucial to the treatment and safety of the patient and thus,